1711, Saxony, Frederick Augustus I. Silver "Imperial Vicar" Thaler Coin. NGC AU+

Description

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1711, Saxony, Frederick Augustus I. Silver "Imperial Vicar" Thaler Coin. NGC AU+
Mint Year: 1711
Mint Place: Dresden
Mint Official: Johann Lorenz Holland (ILH)
Reference: Davenport 2655, KM-803 (
50 in XF!
).
Condition:
Certified and graded by NGC as AU (Details: Cleaned!)
Denomination:  Thaler -
Commemorating the Imperial Vicar position of Frederick August I of Saxony after the death of Emperor Joseph I (on April 17th, 1711) and before the election of the new Emperor Charles VI (on October 12th, 1711).
Weight: 29.14gm
Diameter: 45mm
Material: Silver
Obverse:
Crowned equestrian figure of Frederick I of Saxony as Elector of Saxony, Imperial Vicar (of Saxony, Westphalia, Hanover and northern Germany), King of Poland and Grad Duke of Lithuania right. Foliated oval coat-of-arms of Poland-Lithuania with a centered crowned shield of Saxony below.
Reverse:
Three tables with robes. On the upper left we see a royal crown (on hist position as a King), cross-topped orb ans scepter, on the right ducal cap and sword (of the Elector of Saxony). The lower robe features a wreathed inscription. The date and titles of the ruler are present in the fields.
Legend: FRID : AUG : / REX -  ELECTOR / MDC - CXI. / I.L.H. - (privy mark: mint-hook)
Inscription within wreath: ET VICARIVS POST MORT IOSEPH I IMPERAT
An imperial vicar
(German:
Reichsvikar
) was a prince charged with administering all or part of the Holy Roman Empire on behalf of the emperor. Later, an imperial vicar was invariably one of two princes charged by the Golden Bull with administering the Holy Roman Empire during an interregnum.
The Holy Roman Empire was an elective monarchy, not a hereditary one. When an emperor died, if a king of the Romans had not already been elected, there would be no new emperor for a matter of several months until all the electors, or their representatives, could assemble for a new imperial election. During that time, imperial institutions still required oversight. This was performed by two imperial vicars. Each vicar, in the words of the Golden Bull, was "the administrator of the empire itself, with the power of passing judgments, of presenting to ecclesiastical benefices, of collecting returns and revenues and investing with fiefs, of receiving oaths of fealty for and in the name of the holy empire". All acts of the vicars were subject to ratification by the elected king or emperor. On many occasions, however, there was no interregnum, as a new king had been elected during the lifetime of his predecessor.
The vicariate came to be associated with two counts palatinate: the duke and elector of Saxony (who also held the position of count palatine of Saxony) was vicar in areas operating under Saxon law (Saxony, Westphalia, Hanover, and northern Germany); the count palatine of the Rhine, also an elector, was vicar in the remainder of the Empire (Franconia, Swabia, the Rhine, and southern Germany). The Golden Bull of 1356 confirmed the position of the two electors.
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Augustus II the Strong
(Polish:
August II Mocny
; German:
August der Starke
; Lithuanian:
Augustas II
; 12 May 1670 – 1 February 1733), also known in Saxony as
Frederick Augustus I
, was Elector of Saxony from 1697, Imperial Vicar and elected King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania in the years 1697–1706 and from 1709 until his death in 1733. He was succeeded by his son, Augustus III of Poland.
Augustus' great physical strength earned him the nicknames "the Strong", "the Saxon Hercules" and "Iron-Hand". He liked to show that he lived up to his name by breaking horseshoes with his bare hands and engaging in fox tossing by holding the end of his sling with just one finger while two of the strongest men in his court held the other end. He is also notable for fathering a very large number of children.
In order to be elected King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Augustus converted to Roman Catholicism. As a Catholic, he received the Order of the Golden Fleece from the Holy Roman Emperor. As Elector of Saxony, he is perhaps best remembered as a patron of the arts and architecture. He established the Saxon capital of Dresden as a major cultural centre, attracting artists from across Europe to his court. Augustus also amassed an impressive art collection and built lavish baroque palaces in Dresden and Warsaw.
His reigns brought Poland some troubled times. He led the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Great Northern War, which allowed the Russian Empire to strengthen its influence in Europe, especially within Poland. His main pursuit was bolstering royal power in the Commonwealth, characterized by broad decentralization in comparison with other European monarchies. He tried to accomplish this goal using foreign powers and thus destabilized the state. Augustus ruled Poland with an interval; in 1704 the Swedes installed nobleman Stanisław Leszczyński as king, who officially reigned from 1706 to 1709 and after Augustus' death in 1733 which sparked the War of the Polish Succession.
He was buried in Poland's royal Wawel Cathedral in Kraków, but his heart rests in the Dresden Cathedral.
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